Faster speeds not only reduce the amount of time pedestrians and vehicles have to react to each other, but also increase the likelihood of a pedestrian being killed in a crash. A pedestrian hit by a vehicle traveling at 40 mph has an 85 percent chance of being killed; at 30 mph, it goes down to 45 percent, while at 20 mph, it is only 5 percent.
– U.K. Department of Transportation, Killing Speed and Saving Lives, London, 1987.
https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/ped/pedforum/pedforum_fall05.htm
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Biking in Baltimore