{"id":245513259,"date":"2012-10-12T14:07:39","date_gmt":"2012-10-12T14:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/?p=245513259"},"modified":"2012-10-12T14:07:39","modified_gmt":"2012-10-12T14:07:39","slug":"toward-more-comprehensive-understanding-of-traffic-congestion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/?p=245513259","title":{"rendered":"Toward More Comprehensive Understanding of Traffic Congestion"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By Todd Litman, Planetizen<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;<br \/>\nConventional congestion evaluation tend to be biased in various ways, as summarized in the<br \/>\nfollowing table. For example, conventional evaluation recognizes that wider roads improve<br \/>\nautomobile access but ignore their tendency to reduce walking and cycling access (called the<br \/>\nbarrier effect), and it favors a hierarchical road system that has higher-speed arterials over a<br \/>\nmore connected road system that has lower travel speeds but shorter travel distances. As a<br \/>\nresult, mobility-based planning can result in congestion reduction strategies that reduce overall<br \/>\naccessibility by creating sprawled, automobile-dependent communities where activities are<br \/>\nwidely dispersed and alternatives to driving are inferior.<br \/>\n<br \/>&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Conventional urban transport planning tends to consider traffic congestion the dominant<br \/>\nplanning problem, but more comprehensive and objective analysis indicates that traffic<br \/>\ncongestion is actually a moderate cost overall \u2013 larger than some but smaller than others \u2013 and<br \/>\nroadway expansion is generally less effective and beneficial overall than other congestion<br \/>\nreduction strategies.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sphotos-b.xx.fbcdn.net\/hphotos-snc6\/246471_10151192298043076_1789799828_n.jpg\" alt=\"image\" \/><br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.8-80cities.org\/images\/res-streets-articles\/toward-more-comprehensive-traffic.pdf\">https:\/\/www.8-80cities.org\/images\/res-streets-articles\/toward-more-comprehensive-traffic.pdf<\/a>oldId.20121012140739717<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Todd Litman, Planetizen &#8230; Conventional congestion evaluation tend to be biased in various ways, as summarized in the following table. For example, conventional evaluation recognizes that wider roads improve automobile access but ignore their tendency to reduce walking and cycling access (called the barrier effect), and it favors a hierarchical road system that has &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/?p=245513259\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Toward More Comprehensive Understanding of Traffic Congestion&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"1","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-245513259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biking-elsewhere"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/245513259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=245513259"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/245513259\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=245513259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=245513259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.baltimorespokes.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=245513259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}